On a hot summer day, there’s nothing quite like the swirl of a soft cone from Dairy Queen. But here’s a scoop that may surprise you: Dairy Queen doesn’t serve ice cream—at least not by the official definition.
That’s right. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a product must contain at least 10 percent milkfat to legally be called ice cream. Dairy Queen’s signature soft serve? It only contains about 5 percent milk fat. So, what’s it called instead? Soft serve.
While this creamy, cool treat might look and taste like ice cream, it’s technically in its own category. And it’s not just Dairy Queen. Many soft-serve brands follow a similar recipe that prioritizes a lighter texture and lower fat content.
A Creamy History, One Cone at a Time
Dairy Queen first began serving its famous soft serve in 1940, but the story of this chilly dessert begins a bit earlier.
In 1938, John Fremont McCullough, along with his son Alex, developed a recipe for a smoother, softer frozen treat. Their version didn’t harden like traditional ice cream and could be dispensed directly from a machine into a cone. It was an instant hit, and two years later, the first Dairy Queen store opened its doors in Illinois.
But they weren’t the only ones experimenting with soft, creamy desserts in the 1930s.
Back in 1934, Tom Carvel, the founder of the Carvel brand, had a stroke of luck—or misfortune, depending on how you see it. When his ice cream truck broke down, he started selling melting ice cream to people nearby. Customers loved the smoother, softer texture, and Carvel saw an opportunity. He opened his first store in 1936 and later developed and sold soft-serve machines.
Behind these popular names were some important inventors. In 1926, Charles E. Taylor received a patent for a continuous ice cream freezer, which became the backbone of many soft serve machines, including those used by Carvel and Dairy Queen. In 1939, Harry Oltz patented technology for freezing and serving soft serve, helping standardize what had been a more experimental process.
So, who really invented soft serve? It depends on how you look at it. Several people contributed to its development—some by creating recipes, others by inventing the machines that made mass production possible.
The Margaret Thatcher Myth
A strange piece of soft serve history involves a surprising name: Margaret Thatcher, the former British Prime Minister. Before entering politics, Thatcher earned a degree in chemistry from Oxford and worked briefly at J. Lyons & Company. While there, she helped with research on emulsifiers, ingredients that improve texture and shelf life in products like ice cream.
This connection led to years of rumors claiming she invented soft serve, earning her the nickname “mother of soft serve” in some British tabloids. But the timeline doesn’t add up. Thatcher worked in food research in the late 1940s, long after soft serve had already been developed and sold in the United States.
The British soft-serve scene didn’t take off until 1958 when the chain Mr. Whippy began operating mobile soft-serve vans across the UK. While Thatcher’s scientific background is impressive, the claim that she invented soft-serve isn’t true.
Why We Still Love It
Even though soft serve isn’t officially ice cream, it’s still a beloved part of summer for many Americans. Its light, creamy texture, quick service, and lower cost make it a go-to treat at outdoor events, amusement parks, and roadside stands.
Soft serve is also typically served at a higher temperature than traditional ice cream—about 18 to 21 degrees Fahrenheit, compared to ice cream’s 0 to 5 degrees. This makes it easier to eat right away and contributes to its melt-in-your-mouth feel.
Dairy Queen and other chains serve millions of soft-serve cones and sundaes every year. While newer frozen treats like rolled ice cream and frozen yogurt have joined the scene, soft-serve remains a timeless classic, especially for families and children.
But it’s important to know what you’re getting. If you’re looking for a rich dessert with a high milkfat content, traditional ice cream might be your go-to. But if you’re after something smooth, simple, and nostalgic, soft serve hits the sweet spot—just don’t expect it to pass the FDA’s test for real ice cream.
So, What’s in That Cone?
Next time you enjoy a swirl of Dairy Queen’s famous vanilla or chocolate, remember: it may not be “ice cream” by name, but it’s packed with history, science, and plenty of summer memories. Whether you call it soft serve or not, it’s a treat that’s here to stay.
Don’t be surprised if the label says soft serve dessert—that’s exactly what it is.
